Keywords: Be cautious; be sincere; reversal of thinking in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

There is a surprising saying in the “Ming Confucian Confucian Case·The Lushan Case” case: “Every Confucian scholar is cautious, but only the teacher and the chief teacher (note: refers to Liu Zongzhou) can get the truth.” [①] Huang was a native of Liu Zongzhou, href=”https://twsugargirl.org/”>Baobao.com Single TimeIn the academic world, this term is often published by “door views”, such as the full ancestor who claims to be privately loyal to Huang Zongxi, which is the representative. [②] In fact, Huang Zongxi’s view is closely related to the Yangming School’s careful and independent skill. According to Huang Zongxi’s own interpretation, the Yangming School “many people who use caution as their main theme [Time travel/Rebirth] Red Tsing Bei “Crossing the Big Boss with Beauty” [completed + extra]”, but each school is cautiousOn the topic of disagreement, he fell into a dilemma: “Or he knew the body and was obscured; or he relied on his own knowledge and worked hard to think.” [③] The origin of the dilemma comes from the “I am the one who is called a confidant” [④] and “Confidant is the time of knowing one’s own knowledge” [⑤]. Under the door of Wangji (No. Longxi, Zhejiang, He and Yin), and European De (No. Nanye, Jiangxi Taihe) also took the lead in “Confidant is the one who knows one’s own knowledge” [⑥]. This view sparked a strong ideological discussion of the late Ming Dynasty (the meaning of Zhizhong and harmony, the meaning of confidant and knowledge, etc.). After a detailed assessment of the “Ming Confucian Case”, it is not difficult to find that Huang Zongxi’s statement actually pointed out that Liu Zong reversed the predicament of the Ming school on Monday and proposed an ultimate solution plan.

The problem solved by this article is: How to understand the insights of Huang Zong Xizhi? Or maybe, what philosophical meaning does this so-called verb turn have? This article will clarify the internal force of the Yangming School’s “confidant is unique” from the perspective of kung fu theory and the cautious and independent direction promoted by this force, and will evaluate the philosophical meaning of this sentence on this basis, and teach the Fang family.

1. “Single Knowledge” says: Zhu Zi and Yang Ming are cautious and dedicated to the unique skill

The body and kung fu are the most important topics in Song and Ming dynasties. Kung Fu is the realization of the body (subject matters) in order to realize the transformation of the subjective self and open up national civilization. As the teacher, Mr. Mou Zongsan, a new Confucian in Hong Kong, said: “The differences are from Eastern philosophy that emphasizes theory but not kung fu; when teaching the essence, one must write the essence and write the essence, and focus on clarifying the principles of the mind and nature in kung fu. [⑦] Therefore, the assessment of cautious thinking in history from the perspective of kung fu theory has the main meaning of our deep understanding of the ideological development of the Ming school in the middle and late Ming dynasties and its philosophical connotation.

Why can “be cautious and independent” skill become a theoretical interest point for the Ming school to cooperate with attention? This involves Yang Ming’s criticism and reform of Zhu Zi’s Kung Fu discussion, that is, it is related to the differences between the two Kung Fu discussions. Wang Ji had a comment on the disagreement of the Kung Fu of Zhu Zi and Yang Ming:

The Huiweng has divided the family and kept the matter, so he did not know what he saw and did not know what others knew, but was not known by the central government. …First, the master regards not seeing or not hearing as the Tao, and is cautious and afraid of being a good deed to practice Taoism; not seeing or not seeing or not hearing is a subtle, which is what is called unique. …The Huiweng is divided into two parts, and the teacher is combined into one, which is the greater. [⑧]

Wang Ji believed that Zhu Zi would “be two indifferent” and be cautious and fearful, be cautious and independent, be willing to be harmonious, maintain and be healthy, and be healthy, and be in peace, and Yangming would be “being one in harmony”; this is the biggest difference between the two academic studies. Coincidentally, Zhu Zi himself regarded this type of “duality” as the main disagreement between him and previous theorists in kung fu discussion. Zhu Zi’s “Doctor of the Mean” has two questions: “The scholars say that they are cautious and cautious, fear of not watching, and fear of not listening, so they are cautious and independent. I will divide them into two things, and they are not good at it.How much is the rupture branch? “How can you not know what you don’t know? ”[⑨] In addition to the textual basis, Zhu Zi’s answer was the most important part of the theory:

 What he did not see and did not hear is what he did not see and did not hear. Therefore, the above said that the Tao did not come true, but the following said that the correct person was from ordinary places, and that he did not remove his precepts, and that he spoke to this. The only one said that the other one was not seen and did not see and did not see and did not see and do not see and do not see and do not speak in detail. The following said that the correct person was particularly in this secluded place. This is his own words and sing and harmony, and each had its own blood. It is very clear. For example, these two are both meant to be independent, but are the merit of perseverance, and are dedicated to the hidden. Moreover, although they are free from the rupture, their complexity and bias are not obvious. [⑩]

In Zhu Zi’s statement, being cautious and being cautious are the merits of the Tao. The two are different from “what you see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t work. Their respective efforts are different from “what you see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t see and you don’t work.” This area is divided from Zhu My understanding of the structure of people’s energy and mind (relevant relationships) and the lack of kung fu discussions from later generations. Zhu Zi believed that kung fu was “before the matter was done and guarded to complete the original body”, and being cautious and independent kung fu wa